Salerno was born from an Etruscan settlement and, in 194 BC it became a Roman colony and took its name "Salernum" . Due to its strategic position, the city underwent occupations over the years by various peoples (Goths, Byzantines, Longobards and Normans). With the Duke Arechi II and the construction of the majestic castle from which it takes its name, Salerno grows in splendor becoming a center of studies with the creation of the Salerno medical school , the most important source of medical knowledge in Europe in the Middle Ages.

In 694, Salerno undergoes the Spanish domination and in the 19th century it became part of the Parthenopean Republic.

Salerno, together with the entire Amalfi coast , still preserves Roman villas of great value and with the foundation of the Republic of Amalfi, it becomes an important hub for commercial and cultural traffic, now chosen and defined as one of the most beautiful places in the world .